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Electrotech: The Path to Global Energy Security in a Fossil-Fuel Dependent World

Ember’s new report, “Energy Security in an Insecure World,” highlights how global fossil fuel dependency threatens energy security, while electrification offers a powerful solution. Today, 37% of global energy demand is met through imported fossil fuels, with 52 countries importing over half of their primary energy. One-fourth of the global population spends more than 5% of GDP on fossil imports, adding up to $1.8 trillion annually. Regions like Asia are most vulnerable, and energy security is compromised by geopolitical chokepoints like the Strait of Hormuz and Suez Canal.

To tackle this crisis, Ember introduces the “Electrotech” strategy—centered on electric vehicles (EVs), heat pumps, and renewables. These three technologies could reduce fossil imports by 70%, saving $1.3 trillion each year. EVs alone can cut road oil imports by one-third, while heat pumps and renewables together can reduce gas and coal dependence significantly. With 92% of countries having renewable potential 10x their total energy needs, this transition is both possible and essential.

China exemplifies this shift by rapidly expanding solar, wind, and electrification. In 2023, it added over 200 GW of solar capacity and leads globally in manufacturing solar modules, batteries, and EVs—demonstrating how electrotech can boost energy independence and global trade.